Is there a way to chase customers who ordered exactly once and never came back?

Yes, under the win-back ladder on Marketing → Loyalty & stamps there is a tick called Rescue customers who ordered once and never came back. It has its own number of days, its own optional coupon code and its own message, separate from the three ladder stages. Campaigns under Marketing → Campaigns also offer an audience called Tried once, never came back for a one off push. Both go through your weekly cap and the daytime sending window. The Loyalty & rewards tab in the docs has a guide on win-back messages.